The characteristic impedance or surge impedance (usually written Z 0) of a uniform transmission line is the ratio of the amplitudes of voltage and current of a single wave. β = 0. Microstrip Impedance Calculator. In this case a rectangular form is used. Characteristic impedance is the ratio of voltage to current for a wave that is propagating in single direction on a transmission line. The characteristic impedance of a PCB trace should remain constant to have a uniform transmission line. With lower dielectric constant impedance value is below 50 ohms, with higher dielectric constant impedance value is above 50 ohms. 10. This voltage is the integral of the electric field between the plates: [Math Processing Error] since [Math Processing Error] is a constant. such as Rogers RO3003™ material, is selected, its pertinent characteristics are also shown on the. Finding total impedance. 19. 1975, page 24-21) impedance = (138 / e^(1/2)) * log (D/d) Where: log = logarithm of 10 d = diameter of center conductor D = inner diameter of cable shieldPi Attenuator Calculator for Excel. For the logarithmic structure of the LPDA, the same ratio between the lengths of adjacent elements and between the distances from them to the top of the structure must be observed. Next, gather the formula from above = RC = (Zl-Zo)/ (Zl+Zo). 2. If there is an insulator around the wire then this calculator will be an estimate. 0. However, the author’s favored form is readily obtained by noting that when the voltage V3. 2. 6 OUTPUT: Characteristic Impedance = 56. With t = 35 um (typical for copper with plating on a pcb), Z odd drops to 44 ohms, according to LineCalc. 5V incident voltage which equals to 1V of source in experiment ). Calculates the absolute load impedance, reflection coefficient, VSWR, return loss and mismatch loss of a load. The Differential microstrip impedance calculator is used to compute the differential (Zd) and single-ended impedance (Zo) of an edge-coupled microstrip line just by entering the width, separation and thickness of the trace along with the dielectric thickness and constant of the coupled line. It is equal to the product of the density of the medium times the speed of sound in the medium (ρ0c ). 80676 = sqrt(0. This calculator helps you calculate the characteristic impedance of a coaxial cable given its dimensions. IPC 2141 Trace Impedance Calculator. The IPC-2141 trace Impedance calculator will help make initial design easier by allowing the user to input basic parameters and get a. Polar or rectangular grids only allow direct reading of S11. Figure 5. JLCPCB Impedance Calculator. 7: Characteristic Impedance. The characteristic impedance is determined by Z 0 = √ Z lZ h. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. PCB Trace Impedance Calculator. Consider a transmission line of length L terminated by load impedance of ZL. [ Note ] Calculation precision gets bad outside the following. Twisted pairs are used with balanced signals. This is extremely important as we will see. Useful. = Z L −Z 0 Z L +Z 0 (C. Please provide a rating, it takes seconds and helps us to keep this resource free for all to use. You can calculate the capacitance and inductance formed by one ground via and the signal via with simple formulas (Reference 1). This type of transmission line is frequently encountered as a feed line on antenna booms, especially with log-periodic dipole arrays. Draw a circle through this point around the center. The microstrip is a very simple yet useful way to create a transmission line with a PCB. For two dimensional structures the capacitance per unit length can. Assume that the load impedance Z 1 = 10 + j10 Ω is to be matched to a source impedance of Z 2 = 50 Ω. Parallel Wire Impedance (Zo) = Ohms. This is an important parameter in the analysis and design of circuits and systems using transmission lines. 9 mm (0. While I understand how to calculate this for a "normal" shielded twisted pair, Im struggling to understand how (if at all) the drain wire would affect the answer. 0. But for extreme geometries and for many differential pair structures, these approximations can. Enter the relative permitivity, width of the trace, the ground plane spacing, and the substrate thickness to calculate the characteristic impedance. The input impedance of a transmission line with characteristic impedance zo and length d is given by zin zo e e L j d L j d = + − − − 1 1 4 4 Γ Γ π λ π λ for a frequency with a wavelength of λ. Before, working with a trace impedance calculator, one should be aware of which equations the calculation uses. Twisted pairs are used with balanced signals. The following formula can be used for calculating the characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable: (formula taken from Reference Data for Radio Engineers book published by Howard W. If z and y are series impedance and shunt admittance of line, the characteristic impedance Zc is given as. Per-unit-length parameters are "per meter" if the inner conductor units are cm or mm. Gamma matching online calculator. The Smith Chart achieves this by superimposing a grid on S11 that maps load impedance. Ohm’s Law provides the framework for solving network analysis problems; when the curtain gets pulled back, Ohm’s Law updates to become the relationship between voltage, current, and impedance, not resistance. We calculated 114 ohms. Calculates the characteristic impedance and per-unit-length parameters of typical printed circuit board trace geometries. Sorted by: 8. There are four different types of impedance used in characterizing differential trace impedances. Geometric Parameter Definitions: Observe that the characteristic impedance of parallel wire line increases with increasing \(D/d\). The user only needs to enter the attenuation in decibels (dB) and the given characteristic impedance of the transmission lines to be matched. 1 ohms. Click the "Calculate" button to show the calculated transmission line parameters. TransCalc is an open-source impedance calculator of various transmission lines based on common closed-form approximations. Finally, once you have the resistance, inductance and capacitance you can use the standard formula for characteristic impedance (applies to any length of wire of course and is still valid down to DC): -. A simplified (approximate) equation for characteristic impedance of stripline is given as: Thanks to David for helping us correct this in January 2014!The characteristic impedance is a function of the line only. INPUT DATA. Since the argument of the complex exponential factors is 2βl, the frequency. It is equal to the product of the density of the medium times the speed of sound in the medium (ρ0c ). This tool will help you create a matching circuit so that optimal power transfer occurs between unmatched loads. Instructions are below the calculator and don’t forget we can make and. value of the characteristic impedance. Introduction. 25 inches and a dielectric constant of 2. the impedance of a uniform alternating-current transmission line of indefinite length (as a long telephone cable) measured at the input end where… See the full definition Menu Toggle(1) When the characteristic impedance (Zo) of the line width (w) is calculated. The characteristic impedance of a transmission line is usually written as Z0. Dielectric thickness vs. Select a Configuration. Zo is usually impedance of normalization (reference), that is suggested to be impedance of ports and cables. This calculator is designed to calculate the characteristic impedance of a symmetric stripline - a flat conductor between two ground planes whose distance between the conductor and the planes is the same for both reference planes. 1u", etc. In contrast, lead-acid batteries. Therefore, despite the title, this calculator is actually quite unsuitable for. It mentions formula or equations used in this differential Microstrip Impedance Calculator. This calculator is designed to calculate the characteristic impedance of a broadside couple stripline (see diagram below). has a characteristic impedance of 300 Ω. Dielectric Thickness: mm. Calculate impedance from resistance and reactance in parallel. The term “characteristic impedance. With PCBWay impedance calculator, you can calculate the approximate impedance of your PCB / high frequency circuit board. , real) load. ω = 2πf is the angular frequency in rad/s, . wavelenggh λ = 15 x 10 3. This calculator computes the characteristic impedance of a twisted-pair cable based on its dimensions. $egingroup$ So basically your answer shows that the JLCPCB impedance calculator results are generally in the same ballpark as the proven field simulators. 0. To Direction Note that Zo is NOT V(z)/I(z). The most commonly used twisted pair cable impedance is 100 ohms. 6 Ω and ε e = 6. e. 33, its visible in image, i dont know where is the problem, @ khouly please check where is the. If the transmission line is lossy, the characteristic impedance is a complex number given by equation (10). 9%. nm um mm cm m mil inch. 1) isn’t overly complicated. Try This New Tool. Then it draws a schematic with a resistor in series at the input and a resistor in parallel at the output, with the values corresponding to the given impedances above. 284 inch strip width. 9 dB/m at 1 GHz and 11. Take note that this assumes that the distance between the conductor and the planes is not the same for both reference planes; hence the asymmetric term. This calculator is designed to find the characteristic impedance of an asymmetric stripline - a flat conductor between two ground planes. So I want to solve: Zac = Rac + j (Xl - Xc) where Rac includes all resistances, Xl all inductances and Xc all capacitances. The characteristic impedance can be given by the following equation, where Z 0 is the characteristic impedance and R 0 and G 0 are the resistance and shunt conductance per unit length of the transmission line:. This online reflection coefficient calculator calculates the reflection coefficient (Γ) by entering the value of the characteristic impedance Z o (in ohms. Coplanar Waveguide Calculator. 7. This calculator computes the characteristic impedance of a twisted-pair cable based on its dimensions. Matching T Attenuator A two part calculator which gives ideal and preferred value resistors, showing most formulas used and a link to the others. To use this online calculator for Characteristic Impedance of Transmission Line, enter Inductance (L) & Capacitance (C) and hit the calculate button. Description. HFSS will give you the answer as Z0 value in. Whatever the geometry, the following holds true. 5. Introduction. At your frequencies (10MHz) you can pretty much ignore the. Solution. Impedance To Turns Ratio Calculator. When this equation is rewritten to solve for Z, the impedance equation occurs in the presented form. Overview. After Zo has been determined, it is easy to calculate the complex input impedance of any length of waveguide terminated with an arbitrary complex impedance. The required values are trace thickness, substrate heights, trace width, and. Waveguide Calculator (Rectangular) Pasternack's Waveguide Calculator provides the cutoff frequency, operating frequency range and closest waveguide size for a rectangular waveguide based on the custom inputted broad wall width. This calculator is designed to help calculate the value of the resistors R1 and R2 to be used in T-pad attenuator. Calculates the characteristic impedance and per-unit-length parameters of typical printed circuit board trace geometries. 6 as magnitude of S11 instead of 0. 225 kg/m 3 and speed of 343 m/s, has a z of 0. 9 mm (0. Schaum’s Outlines: Electronic Communication. This calculator calculates the characteristic or surge impedance of a lossless transmission line. 0; 1 < ε r < 15 ) Select the units for all dimensions: mm mils. The characteristic impedance is determined by Z 0 = √ Z lZ h. Characteristic impedance ( ρ 0 c) The characteristic impedance is the ratio of the effective sound pressure at a given point to the effective particle velocity at that point in a free, plane, progressive sound wave. This calculator calculates the characteristic impedance, capacitance per unit length, effective propagation delay, inductance per unit length using relative permittivity, height of dielectric, width of trace, trace thickness values. The K values for the various transmission lines are also copied from his Transmission Line Details windows software. This calculator is a tool for designing balanced transmission lines with a specific desired characteristic impedance . 6 TE m,n Mode. 6. Relative Dielectric Constant ( εr ): Track Width (S): mm. m s: the speed of light in free space μ. This calculator uses JavaScript and will function in most modern browsers. Select a Configuration. There are some advantages to using a microstrip transmission line over other alternatives. 1: 300-to- 50 Ω match using an quarter-wave section of line. Include both the pcb dielectric thickness as well as the wire insulation in the height calculation. = Z L −Z 0 Z L +Z 0 (C. Sierra Circuits’ Via Impedance Calculator uses the physical dimensions of a via to calculate its capacitance, inductance, and impedance. 3. Calculating the Input Impedance. A twisted-pair cable is simply two wires that are twisted together so as to reduce radiated EMI (electromagneticinterference) and mitigate the effects of received EMI. The Rectangular Waveguide TEm,n Calculator determines the following characteristics for a Rectangular Waveguide TE-mode using this Calculator: 1 Cutoff Frequency for a TE m,n mode. H 1 is the subtrate h1. S configuration is not reported because impedance is very high and varies a great deal from near to far end. For the calculation, you can assume that the two vias are. When the characteristic impedance of the cable matches the impedance of the connected devices or components (e. Differential impedance: This is the impedance of a pair of transmission lines. This calculator is designed to calculate the characteristic impedance of an edge coupled stripline. I have a model that I want to know its impedance. Ls = 10. Since this calculation involves complex numbers, creating a function will make. You have the option of specifying which impedance will be used in the renormalization. Characteristic impedance, nothing like conventional impedance, is free of length or distance over which signals propagate. Voltage Base: The line-line voltage base in KV. Embedded microstrips are commonly crafted using printed circuit boards, although other. Wide Trace Over Plane. If a different frequency is required, pick the Dk/Df values from one frequency point from 1 to 10 GHz from the laminate specs and then use the characteristic impedance value computed at 1 GHz. In this case, there is no radical change in the principle of radiation of the antenna. Note: The results are only for approximation and rough estimation, the final values and the. This calculator computes the characteristic impedance of a twisted-pair cable based on its dimensions. 5 TE m,n Mode Phase Velocity. Sierra Circuits’ Transmission Line Reflection Calculator will greatly help you to understand the signal characteristics during the design phase. (2. A microstrip width calculator can calculate the width of a microstrip. Ive been posed with a problem regarding calculating the characteristic impedance of a shielded twisted pair with a drain wire. Coaxial Cable: A common type of coaxial cable has a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms. To find the impedance of a capacitor (Zc) and an inductor (Zl) in an AC circuit, you use the following formulas: For the capacitor: Zc = 1 / (2πfC) For the inductor: Zl = 2πfL Where f is the frequency, C is the capacitance, and L is the inductance. Characteristic impedance is the ratio of voltage to current for a wave that is propagating in single direction on a transmission line. Characteristic impedance is also known as natural impedance, and it refers to the equivalent resistance of a transmission line if it were infinitely long, owing to distributed capacitance and inductance as the voltage and current “waves” propagate along its length at a propagation velocity equal to some large fraction of light speed. 5 Ωeven if measure-ment variation is much less. L. RF Wireless World. (b) Calculate Z 1 and Z 2 for the specific case shown in the bottom figure. Zo (Characteristic Impedance) Ohms. Impedance Calculator. 2. 17mm in order to achieve this 45 ohms. Characteristic Impedance of the Line (ohm) So What does V+ and V- Represent? Pay att. When we talk about the "impedance" of a pcb trace, we are talking about the characteristic impedance of a uniform transmission line. Some calculators opt for Wadell's results, yet they simply state they are "based on Wheeler’s method" without providing references. Draw a circle through this point around the center. Assume microstrip line for which propagation occurs with. The impedance value you calculate is the transmission line impedance the signal sees as it reflects off the mismatched load and travels on the line. The TEM mode exists down to DC. It renders fairly accurate results suitable for use in circuit board manufacturing and engineering analysis. P B = Power output of Port 3. Phone: +44 (0)1425 489 111 / +49 (0) 8104 628 0. Scroll down to find formulas for determining attenuation, wavelength, characteristic impedance, time delay, and more. Zo depends on waveguide geometry and material properties. The microstrip antenna can also be matched to a transmission line of characteristic impedance Z0 by using a quarter-wavelength transmission line of characteristic impedance Z1 as shown in Figure 2. 045 foot length of this part in smaller units: 0. In space the terms for relative permeability and relative permittivity are each equal to unity, so the intrinsic impedance equation is simplified to the equation for characteristic impedance of free space: Here's where the approximation involving 1/36 for permeability is what gives us that 120 value for free-space impedance (accurate to 99. This method can support a frequency range up to 110 GHz with a relatively good measurement accuracy when the impedance of the SUT is close to 50 Ω [32], [33]. Example: Calculate the distributed capacitance and inductance, impedance and a cutoff frequency of a coaxial cable RG-58 with the following characteristics: inner conductor diameter 0. Impedance Calculator. 1 Effective Permittivity and Characteristic Impedance of CPW The fields. The following formula is used to calculate the differential impedance of a microstrip: To calculate the differential impedance of a microstrip, divide the characteristic impedance of the microstrip by 2. l = tr x 2 in/ns. $$H$$ = subtrate height $$W$$ = trace width $$T$$ = trace thickness $$epsilon_{r}$$ = substrate. Just enter the given values for trace thickness, substrate heights, trace width, and substrate dielectric in the. T represents trace thickness. How to calculate Characteristic Impedance (LTL) using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Characteristic Impedance (LTL), enter Impedance (Z) &. The characteristic impedance (Z o) of a microstrip transmission line can be calculated using the active calculator or the equations at the bottom of the page. (Fat!) Formulas for calculating this can be found in various places. This calculator is designed to calculate the characteristic impedance of an edge-coupled microstrip. To avoid microstrip modes, have h >> (w+2g) and extend component side ground away from the trace by > (w+2g). Since this ratio is large, the characteristic impedance of parallel wire line tends to be large relative to common values of other kinds of TEM transmission line, such as coaxial line and microstrip line. H1 (Dielectric thickness) :Our free impedance calculator for coplanar waveguide can help you with your design features to ensure your PCB is working as you intend. Following is the list of useful converters and calculators. To get a 50 Ohm characteristic impedance, you just have to define your trace width in the proper proportion to the H of. This RLC impedance calculator will help you to determine the impedance formula for RLC, phase difference, and Q of RLC circuit for a given sinusoidal signal. 4) where the small letter L denotes the normalized load impedance, i. 08mm, my trace width should be 0. Build a model from experimental data of impedance vs. Gamma matching allows you to match such a dipole with a 50-ohm coaxial feeder. - For the obtained Zo in your Smith Chart calculate the admittance. /. Ignore the environment for now (i. Formulas. Then, take the natural logarithm of the expression (4h/w) plus the square root of 1 plus (4h/w) squared. (a) Calculate the impedance Z of an infinite chain of elements with impedances Z 1 and Z 2, as shown in the top figure. 3. The app allows you to get additional parameters of a TL. Hi, everyone. Embedded Microstrip Impedance Calculator. In general, it is double the odd-mode impedance, which is the value we care about for differential signaling, as it is used in high-speed PCB design. (1. You only need to know the resistance, the inductance, and the capacitance values connected in series or parallel. The widely used RG-6 coax has a characteristic impedance of 75 ohms, which requires the use of a balun to match impedance when used with common antenna types. Then it measures the characteristic impedance by analyzing the changes in the amplitude of the reflected waveform. ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS Single Track For the stripline of Figure 2 with a symmetrically centred track of zero thickness, Cohn[3] has shown that the exact value of the characteristic impedance is 4. Other types are also available. Z 0 is in general an arbitrary reference impedance, but usually the characteristic impedance of a line (e. You will see the Differential Impedance Calculator interface with input fields for Characteristic Impedance (Z0) and Common Mode Impedance (Zc). Following formula can be derived for the characteristic impedance of a parallel wire transmission line: 1. Calculation is according to the G3SEK-DL6WU method. Radius. Z = SQRT(L/C) Web Calculator@article{osti_6545053, title = {Calculation of transmission line impedances using the ANSYS finite element program}, author = {Johnson, M E}, abstractNote = {This paper describes numerical techniques for calculating the capacitance of an arbitrary two conductor structure. Calculating Characteristic Impedance • Each port in a structure being analyzed can be viewed as a cross-section of a transmission line. Either the desired impedance at a specific frequency is used to determine the waveguide width, or the width is entered and the impedance is calculated. You will see the Differential Impedance Calculator interface with input fields for Characteristic Impedance (Z0) and Common Mode Impedance (Zc). While there are a number of online calculators that calculate the characteristic impedance from the input geometry, they are all based on approximations. In this section, we formally define this parameter and derive an. The antenna is optimized for maximum gain. Zo (Characteristic Impedance) Ohms. This technique requires two measurements: the input impedance Z i n when the transmission line is short-circuited and Z i n when the transmission line is open-circuited. Any discontinuity at any point will affect the uniformity of the characteristic impedance. Open the Impedance Calculator App. This calculator allows you to calculate the input impedance of a transmission line, as well as the VSWR, return loss, and mismatch loss at the input point. Parallel Wire Impedance, Inductance, Capacitance and Propagation Delay Calculator Results. The techniques used in Linecalc are flexible and accurate, takingL Match Impedance Calculator. The application allows you to make a preliminary calculation of characteristic impedance and velocity factor for many types. (HFSS+MAA)-antenna models can be downloaded from our website. The IPC-2141 trace Impedance calculator will help make initial design easier by allowing the user to input basic parameters and get a calculated impedance according to the IPC-2141 standard. 1 Answer. 1. source impedance to the transmission line input impedance. This calculator finds both odd and even transmission line impedance. The characteristic impedance is determined by Z 0 = √ Z lZ h. These are the remedy for reflection issue for the high frequency component of the transmitted signal. This calculator is used to calculate the value of resistor R1 & R2 of pi type symmetrical attenuator (shown below) for the required value of attenuation (in dB) and for matching impedance (Zo = Zs =ZL Ω). If the transmission line is lossy, the characteristic impedance is a complex number given by equation (10). Asymmetric and symmetric versions of a stripline can be. 124 in), type of insulation is polyethylene with the relative permittivity of 2. Insulation service (cable tray, conduit, direct burial, etc. It is an important parameter that characterizes the electrical behavior of a transmission line. The parasitic capacitance and inductance created by nearby conductors alters the trace impedance in a real layout. 35 ohms. Note: If you select a waveguide size from the dropdown below, the broad wall width will be automatically calculated. This RLC impedance calculator will help you to determine the impedance formula for RLC, phase difference, and Q of RLC circuit for a given sinusoidal signal frequency. For the logarithmic structure of the LPDA, the same ratio between the lengths of adjacent elements and between the distances from them to the top of the structure must be observed. This page covers Differential Microstrip Impedance Calculator. dBm to Watt converter Stripline Impedance calculator Microstrip line impedance Antenna G/T Noise. Description. This voltage is the integral of the electric field between the plates: [Math Processing Error] since [Math Processing Error] is a constant. Use our free online app Characteristic Impedance of a Transmission Line Calculator to determine all important calculations with parameters and constants. and Schultz M. and dielectric constant) and use Linecalc to calculate the impedance for a given line width; this is the “analysis” mode. 3 TE m,n Mode Guide Wavelength. The formula used in this calculator is an approximation for the characteristic impedance of a coplanar waveguide: scssCopy code. By understanding the microstrip transmission line, designers can. The Pythagorean theorem is written: c 2 = a 2 + b 2. c. Dielectric thickness vs. However, the author’s favored form is readily obtained by noting that when the voltage V Coax Impedance (Transmission Line) Calculator. Impedance captures the real and complex. Edge Coupled Stripline Differential Impedance Calculator. 1) The expression for the input impedance Z i has many forms. Both the S-parameter and input impedance are complex numbers (R + jX), where R represents the real component, and the X represents the imaginary component. Indicate the materials that you'd like to study. 9 mm (0. This is the typical model for the input of a FET. In electrical engineering, the reflection coefficient is a parameter that defines how much of the electromagnetic wave is reflected due to the impedance discontinuity in a transmission path. 124 in), type of insulation is polyethylene with the relative permittivity of 2. Characteristic impedance calculator for a 4-layer board. 3E-05) . Designed for preliminary estimation parameters of the TL for the analyze and design. Characteristic impedance ( ρ0c) The characteristic impedance is the ratio of the effective sound pressure at a given point to the effective particle velocity at that point in a free, plane, progressive sound wave. Z LC is the LC circuit impedance in ohms (Ω), . Description of the original designs. Waveguides are transmission lines made from hollow tubes and commonly comes in rectangular or circular form. The Characteristic Impedance Matrix V 1 V 2 x x I 1 I 2 Define a Characteristic Impedance Matrix How is Z 12 influenced by coupling? Is Z 12 large or small? V 1 = Z 11I 1 + Z 12I 2 V 2 = Z 22I 2 + Z 21I 1 Characteristic Impedance Matrix [ohms]: 1 2 1 49. Figure 7. You can choose the measurement unit for both the inner conductor and outer conductor. In conclusion, calculating the characteristic impedance of a transmission line is an essential step in designing efficient and reliable. It is widely used for data communications and telecommunications applications in structured cabling systems. z0_f = getZ0 (txline,freq) returns the characteristic impedance with dispersion for a transmission line at the specified frequency. ( 0. UsefulFormulas. Calculation parameters: The conducting wire of circuit and material the inductor is made from, are both uniform and they have the same thickness everywhere; the source supplies AC current. Coplanar Waveguide With Ground Characteristic Impedance Calculator. Enter the Inductance and Capacitance of the Transmission Line. Enter the values of Z0 and Zc into their respective input fields. For each case, we use a different cable impedance formula: To calculate the impedance of a coaxial cable, we use the following formula: Impedance = 60 × ln ( D 2 / D 1) ε r. The calculator calculates the Yagi-Uda antenna of the DL6WU design with boom-correction (correction for the influence of the load-bearing boom). Let's say an antenna has an impedance of 50 ohms. Relative dielectric constant (er) mm. Where, P A = Power output of Port 2. 035 in), outer conductor diameter 3. Wire Over Plane. All the math involved is well explained and documented by Dan AC6LA on his site. • HFSS computes the characteristic impedance of each port in three ways — as Zpi, Zpv, and Zvi impedances. An online transmission line calculator is a web-based tool that allows users to calculate various parameters associated with transmission lines. 4: Normalized even-mode and odd-mode effective. "Characteristic Impedance" - the characteristic impedance calculator of various types of radio frequency transmission lines. This calculator can also be used for measuring coaxial cable and will then give Relative Dielectric Constant rather than Effective Dielectric Constant. To calculate the intensity reflection (R) and transmission (T) coefficients : From the Find menu, choose: Intensity reflection and transmission coef. It is expressed as the square root of the ratio of permeability of free space to the permittivity of free space. Using the same method as before, you can calculate the characteristic impedance of about 48. This is a required field. Agilent's LineCalc tool calculates Z odd = 50. g.